Introduction:
Artificial intelligence (AI) is increasingly used in medicine to support diagnosis, treatment and data management. However, its implementation raises significant ethical, legal and social concerns regarding the doctor–patient relationship.

Aim:
This study examined the level of trust in medical AI among medical professionals and students. It focused on identifying factors influencing acceptance and concerns.

Material and methods:
The survey targeted medical students, doctors, nurses, midwives, paramedics, dentists and academic teachers. The questionnaire contained 36 questions including 30 single choice and 6 multiple choice options. The survey was distributed in paper form at hospitals (20.0%), health centers (10.0%), universities (20.0%) and in electronic form (50.0%). All responses were collected anonymously. The results are presented descriptively and as pie charts. The survey was conducted from March to June 2025 among 682 individuals.

Results and discussion:
Most respondents had only a theoretical knowledge of AI, which they had mainly acquired independently. Practical experience was rare, confirming the limited implementation of this technology. AI’s potential was assessed positively, especially in radiology, oncology and medical administration. There was a preference for collaborative models supervised by doctors. Key concerns included the risk of errors, lack of legal responsibility and the impact on patient relationships. Respondents emphasized the need for algorithm transparency, legal-ethical regulations and formal education at every training stage.

Conclusions:
The medical community accepts AI primarily as a supportive tool, provided physician oversight is maintained. Findings highlight the need for physician education and clear legal-ethical regulations.