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CASE REPORT
Native lung hyperinflation after single lung transplantation
– case report and literature review
1
Student Scientific Society, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
2
Department of Thoracic Surgery and Transplantation, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland
Submission date: 2021-02-02
Final revision date: 2021-03-12
Acceptance date: 2021-03-12
Online publication date: 2021-03-23
Corresponding author
Pol. Ann. Med. 2021;28(2):239–243
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Single lung transplantation (SLuTx) is a challenging operation for patients with end-stage chronic pulmonary diseases. After surgery, native lung hyperinflation (NLH) and a mediastinal shift may develop, which changes the anatomical position of the lungs and heart and may lead to graft compression.
Aim:
We present a case report of a patient who developed NLH after SLuTx. We discuss the treatment methods and compare the outcomes with other case reports and analysis from world literature.
Case study:
A 56-year-old female patient was diagnosed with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 < 30%) and qualified for right SLuTx. After the procedure, spirometry revealed gradual loss in FEV1. Radiological images confirmed NLH and compression of the graft. Therefore, a native lung pneumonectomy was performed with positive outcomes.
Results and discussion:
NLH is a known complication of SLuTx. Typically, lung volume reduction surgery is performed to reduce the compression and a pneumonectomy is a rare treatment, even in centres with extensive experience with SLuTx.
Conclusions:
Despite SLuTx being a common approach in many pulmonary diseases, NLH should be always taken into consideration. Hyperinflation could cause a dangerous loss of respiratory efficiency and require invasive surgeries for lung transplant recipients.
Single lung transplantation (SLuTx) is a challenging operation for patients with end-stage chronic pulmonary diseases. After surgery, native lung hyperinflation (NLH) and a mediastinal shift may develop, which changes the anatomical position of the lungs and heart and may lead to graft compression.
Aim:
We present a case report of a patient who developed NLH after SLuTx. We discuss the treatment methods and compare the outcomes with other case reports and analysis from world literature.
Case study:
A 56-year-old female patient was diagnosed with end-stage chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (FEV1 < 30%) and qualified for right SLuTx. After the procedure, spirometry revealed gradual loss in FEV1. Radiological images confirmed NLH and compression of the graft. Therefore, a native lung pneumonectomy was performed with positive outcomes.
Results and discussion:
NLH is a known complication of SLuTx. Typically, lung volume reduction surgery is performed to reduce the compression and a pneumonectomy is a rare treatment, even in centres with extensive experience with SLuTx.
Conclusions:
Despite SLuTx being a common approach in many pulmonary diseases, NLH should be always taken into consideration. Hyperinflation could cause a dangerous loss of respiratory efficiency and require invasive surgeries for lung transplant recipients.
FUNDING
None declared.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
None declared.
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