RESEARCH PAPER
Demodex spp. (Acari: Demodicidae) infection in healthy young adults in Poland – occurrence and risk factors
| 1 | Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Poland |
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Katarzyna Kubiak
Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Żołnierska 14c, 10-561 Olsztyn, Polandtel./fax +4889 524 61 16.
Department of Medical Biology, School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Żołnierska 14c, 10-561 Olsztyn, Polandtel./fax +4889 524 61 16.
Submission date: 2020-04-04
Final revision date: 2020-04-29
Acceptance date: 2020-04-29
Online publication date: 2020-07-11
KEYWORDS
TOPICS
ABSTRACT
Introduction:
Demodex mites are associated with various symptoms pertaining to facial and eyelid skin in humans. Demodicosis is often reported in elderly people, above 50 years of age. In young adults, the Demodex spp. infection is less common and is asymptomatic or the symptoms are mild.
Aim:
The aim was to evaluate the occurrence of Demodex spp. in healthy young adults in Poland and analyze the associations between the presence of mites, participants gender and skin type, with regards to hygienic practices and symptoms.
Material and methods:
The content of facial sebaceous glands and eyelash follicles was examined in a group of 94 people, aged 18–32 years. Metric data and information about face and eyelid skin symptom occurrence, skin type and hygienic practices were collected by diagnostic survey.
Results and discussion:
Demodex spp. was identified in 21.3% of subjects. In 45% and 30% of carriers Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis occurred, respectively. A mixed infestation in 25% of subjects was detected. Demodex infestation was slightly higher in people with oily and mixed skin (23.5%), compared to those with dry and normal skin (18.6%). No significant influence of shared hygienic accessories on the level of Demodex spp. infection were observed. The skin symptoms of the face and eyelids were reported at 75% for subjects positive for Demodex.
Conclusions:
Demodex mites are often prevalent in healthy young adults in Poland in both the sebaceous glands of the face and hair follicles. While diagnosing face and eyelid skin diseases in young people, Demodex spp. infection should be considered.
Demodex mites are associated with various symptoms pertaining to facial and eyelid skin in humans. Demodicosis is often reported in elderly people, above 50 years of age. In young adults, the Demodex spp. infection is less common and is asymptomatic or the symptoms are mild.
Aim:
The aim was to evaluate the occurrence of Demodex spp. in healthy young adults in Poland and analyze the associations between the presence of mites, participants gender and skin type, with regards to hygienic practices and symptoms.
Material and methods:
The content of facial sebaceous glands and eyelash follicles was examined in a group of 94 people, aged 18–32 years. Metric data and information about face and eyelid skin symptom occurrence, skin type and hygienic practices were collected by diagnostic survey.
Results and discussion:
Demodex spp. was identified in 21.3% of subjects. In 45% and 30% of carriers Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis occurred, respectively. A mixed infestation in 25% of subjects was detected. Demodex infestation was slightly higher in people with oily and mixed skin (23.5%), compared to those with dry and normal skin (18.6%). No significant influence of shared hygienic accessories on the level of Demodex spp. infection were observed. The skin symptoms of the face and eyelids were reported at 75% for subjects positive for Demodex.
Conclusions:
Demodex mites are often prevalent in healthy young adults in Poland in both the sebaceous glands of the face and hair follicles. While diagnosing face and eyelid skin diseases in young people, Demodex spp. infection should be considered.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
We thank D. Litwin M.Sc. for biological material collection and identification and E. Kędzierska M.Sc. for database preparation.
CONFLICT OF INTEREST
None declared.
FUNDING
None declared.
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